Essay on Internet Privacy - 1325 Words

Internet Privacy It has become a sad and upsetting fact that in today’s society the truth is that the right to one’s privacy in the I.T (information technological) world has become, simply a joke. In an electronic media article â€Å"No place to hide†, written by James Norman, two interesting and debatable questions were raised: ‘Are we witnessing the erosion of the demarcation of public and private spaces brought on by the networked economy and new technology?’ Also, ‘What roles do government, industry and citizens have in regard to censorship and privacy?’ These statements ultimately end with the fact that it is impossible for Net users to expect privacy online, because online privacy doesn’t exist. However, one must ask, ‘What will be†¦show more content†¦Another interesting comment made by Norman on this occasion was ‘We should not underestimate the impact that internet technology, with it’s various data-gathering t ools and techniques, has had in terms of the magnitude of certain privacy concerns’, once again reinforcing the seriousness of the matter. ‘Are we witnessing the erosion of the demarcation of public and private spaces brought on by the networked economy and new technology?’ Of course we are, yet we stand back and watch it fall apart. An example of this is in that of the case of Alexander Lunney. Alexander was subject to false accusations at the age of fifteen, of â€Å"transmitting obscene, abusive, threatening and sexually explicit material.† It was however revealed that Lunney was not even a member of the accusing company, and that an imposter had posted the material in his name. A step further than just anticipating the erosion on a worldwide basis is to begin NOW to re-form the barriers between the public and private sectors. The safety of individuals must be assured. It is true that there are numerous privacy acts and laws that exist to prevent the threat of privacy invasion on the Net, though they aren’t enough and they’re not working. So it would be fair in saying that at present , not enough is being done to protect personal privacy on the Net. To even start to think about improving privacy, a realistic approach must be taken. Protective action must start with the ISP, where it should thereShow MoreRelatedGoogle and Internet Privacy717 Words   |  3 PagesGoogle and Internet Privacy In this exercise on ethics and privacy policy we focus our studies on an oft occurring situation in offices that have multiple employees sharing office resources that may lead to intrusive instances. The case refers to a couple of employee’s complaints of unwarranted pop-ups on their computers from unsolicited advertisers. In particular, the ads pertain to some sorts of HIV/AIDS medications that stimulate recovery from this fatal disease or at least help cope with itRead More Essay on Internet Privacy - Invasion of Privacy on the Internet964 Words   |  4 PagesInvasion of Privacy on the Internet       Invasion of privacy is a serious issue concerning the Internet, as e-mails can be read if not encrypted, and cookies can track a user and store personal information. Lack of privacy policies and employee monitoring threatens security also. Individuals should have the right to protect themselves as much as possible from privacy invasion and shouldnt have to give in to lowered standards of safety being pursued by the government.    EncryptionRead MoreInternet Privacy And The Internet1895 Words   |  8 PagesInternet privacy is an issue that has constantly taken up a portion of the world stage for many years. Legislators are even now trying to find the delicate balance between Internet privacy and Internet security. The medium of the Internet is simply too new to be completely understood by lawmakers, and it will take some time before there is a complete grasp. Online Privacy and Facebook Nowadays, the new generation life without Facebook is almost unthinkable. Since its inception in 2004, this popularRead MoreInternet Privacy1375 Words   |  6 PagesA Right to Privacy? What a Joke! It has become a sad and upsetting fact that in todays society the truth is that the right to ones privacy in the I.T (information technological) world has become, simply a joke. In an electronic media article No place to hide, written by James Norman, two interesting and debatable questions were raised: ‘Are we witnessing the erosion of the demarcation of public and private spaces brought on by the networked economy and new technology? Also, ‘What rolesRead MoreInternet Privacy1946 Words   |  8 PagesInternet Privacy The concern about privacy on the Internet is increasingly becoming an issue of international dispute. ?Citizens are becoming concerned that the most intimate details of their daily lives are being monitored, searched and recorded.? (www.britannica.com) 81% of Net users are concerned about threats to their privacy while online. The greatest threat to privacy comes from the construction of e-commerce alone, and not from state agents. E-commerce is structured on the copy andRead MoreInternet Privacy Ethics1395 Words   |  6 Pages 1 II. Cookies and User Profiling 1 III. Privacy laws 2 IV. Web Eavesdropping Read MoreInternet Privacy And The Internet954 Words   |  4 Pagesunauthorized information by computer, but they actually make the internet a safer place. With the growth of the internet comes the growth of hackers and internet privacy. New laws that would increase internet privacy and, limit hackers would halt the internets growth and development. Since the year 2000, the internet has grown enormously we can all agree and with this growth comes a growth of internet users. With all the internet users, online comes people trying to accuse their information byRead More Internet Privacy Essay699 Words   |  3 Pagesabout privacy and security? Im not a criminal or a terrorist. Ive got nothing to hide. These are things that most people think. They also believe the internet is much more secure and that their personal information is only available to them, whereas this is actually quite wrong. There are more reasons to want to protect your privacy than can be named. The important principal is that you have a right to privacy as long as that right is used within the bounds of the law. Seeking privacy shouldRead MorePrivacy on Internet Essay1587 Words   |  7 PagesIII April 1st, 2012 Internet Privacy Essay With the internet gaining such popularity, privacy has become a thing of the past. People have come to accept that strangers can view personal information about them on social networks such as facebook, and companies and the government are constantly viewing peoples’ activity online for a variety of reasons. The government has attempted to help the consumer regain their privacy online by passing the Consumer Internet Privacy Protection Act of 1997Read More Essay on Internet Privacy - Cookies and Privacy on the Internet1385 Words   |  6 PagesCookies: Privacy on the Internet?      Ã‚   Today, many web sites on the internet can use cookies to keep track of passwords and usernames and track the sites a particular user visits (Cookiecentral.com). But, the use of cookies to track users browsing habits is becoming a concern of many internet users. These concerned people are beginning to think of cookies as an invasion of privacy. Companies with web sites can use cookies to track what sites you visit frequently and then select specific

The Soviet Union Essay - 982 Words

At the commencement of the Soviet Union, there was a grave of food shortages; to improve the agricultural productions; in 1921 Lenin instated the New Economic Plan (NEP). The New Economic Plan gave the opportunity for the farmers or peasants to produce their crops for profit; in the years that followed, some of these farmers were prosperous after the implementation of the NEP. Unfortunately, Stalin abandoned the NEP and replaced it with the Five Year Plan, he also justified the collectivization of Agriculture and lastly Stalin’s statism had an impact on Russian History. As previously stated, the NEP gave the opportunity for the agricultural sector to be prosperous; however, some of the farmers such as the kulaks, had become dissatisfied due to the fact that there were no manufacture goods for them to purchase with the profits of their crops. As a result, the kulaks refused to sell their crops as a form of political protest. Of course their actions were not well seen by Stalin, who accused the kulaks for the food shortages in the Soviet Union and order for the property if any peasant who opposed the government to be confiscated. Sometimes the provincial workers refused to sell their crops as a form of political protest. As a consequence, several kulaks began to slaughter their livestock and destroyed their farms rather than have the state taken over their property. Moreover, the beginning of a civil war in Russia developed between the military and the provincial works;Show MoreRelatedThe Soviet Union1883 Words   |  8 Pages Gain of Prestige The Soviet Union was already setting up a unique standard of gender roles and gender equality, so the reinforced emphasis on fertility created an interesting return to traditional gender stereotypes. Despite the resurgence of the traditional ideal, the 1936 Decree was able to emphasize motherhood and nurturing without limiting women to the more feminine role. Instead, what occurred was the â€Å"super heroine† role, where the women’s maternity and industrial capital were bothRead MoreSoviet Union : The Soviet Revolution1091 Words   |  5 Pagesand oppressive dictators in history, Joseph Stalin’s efforts to industrialise the Soviet Union were the most transformative period in Soviet History to a large extent. From 1928, Stalin’s absolute rule influenced the Soviet Union for a quarter of a century. During his authority, Stalin believed the method to reform the Soviet Union was complete a forceful fist, and instituted his ‘revolution from above†™ on the Soviet citizens. His dramatic changes of culture led to a reformed nationalism of RussiaRead MoreSoviet Imperialism And The Soviet Union817 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States and the Soviet Union operated as associates and fought against the Nazi regime during World War II, however, the merger did not last long and ultimately became the Cold War. Americans had for some time been careful about Soviet socialism and worried about Russian pioneer Joseph Stalin s overbearing, ruthless guideline of his own nation. As far as concerns them, the Soviets loathed the Americans decades-long refusal to regard the USSR as a real part of the universal group andRead MoreCommunist Union And The Soviet Union1196 Words   |  5 Pageshave command economies and the Soviet Union and China used to have one. In the past, many countries including the Soviet Union attempted to implement command economies that would later fail. As a result, most of the current countries using them are begin ning to make reforms to leave their command economies behind, like Mikhail Gorbachev’s glasnost, or political transparency, and perestroika, also known as economic restructuring, in the 1980’s (Dewdney). The Soviet Union officially collapsed in DecemberRead MoreThe Soviet Union Of Soviet Republics1859 Words   |  8 Pages Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, former Soviet republics have been forced to undertake the harrowing task of achieving stability for their citizens and developing their own identities independent from the former hegemon. Some, such as Poland, have been successful in this regard, while others, such as Georgia, have been less fortunate. For Ukraine, a vast agricultural country with centuries-old ties to Russia, answers to the questions of stability and identity have been uncertainRead MoreSoviet Union : A Communist Union2246 Words   |  9 PagesRosenwald Professor Course Date Reigniting the Soviet Union Introduction The Soviet Union was a socialist state located on the Eurasian continent, which existed from 1922 to 1991. It was a conglomeration of a number of subnational Soviet republics with its government and economy centralized. The Soviet Union was based on a one-party system under the governorship of the Communist Party, with Moscow as its capital. Since the decline of the Soviet Union, Russia has been on the forefront seeking to bringRead MoreThe War Of The Soviet Union908 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Soviet Union. It all started with the election of John F Kennedy in 1960. Kennedy won the  1960  election and  became  president of the  U.S. in 1961. Kennedy defeated  Republican candidate  Richard  Nixon in part because  Kennedy played  up  a  socalled  Ã¢â‚¬Å"missile  gap†, claiming  that Republicans under  Eisenhower  had  let the  Soviet Union get a  missile  advantage over  the  United  States. If anything he was believed to be a cold warrior. At the time Cuba leader Fidel Castro was tying his Country to Soviet CommunismRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union906 Words   |  4 Pagescollapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 appalled everyone in the West, but that is because no one outside the Soviet Union knew what was going on. The Soviet government’s lies of economic success and superiority over the Western capitalist states had controlled the citizens of Russia to believe that the USSR’s Communist regime was growing for half a decade. It wasn’t until Mikhail Gorbachev that mocked previous leaders like Stalin and Brezhnev for being responsible for not improving the Soviet economy. Gorbachev’sRead MoreThe Warfare Of The Soviet Union725 Words   |  3 Pagesnetworks to destabilize the Soviet Union as a regional hegemon, it supported a an Islamic fundamentalist group named the Taliban, and along with weapon support and logistics. As well as discussing the various guerilla tactics utiliz ed and discussed by the class through the readings such as Mao Zedong. I will also elaborate on the success and the dependency of the various guerilla tactics used and how fundamental it was in their victory against a conventional army (Soviet Union), and the outcome wouldRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Soviet Union949 Words   |  4 PagesThe collapse of the Soviet Union can ultimately be attributed to three broad, complex, and interconnected issues: The economy, Leadership, and Geography. All three of theses factors are interconnected and each contain several reasons why they contributed to the ultimate collapse of the Soviet Union. The first and most simple reason the Soviet Union failed can be attributed to their geographical challenges. The Soviet Union suffered two problems in regard to geographic challenges. Firstly the country

Social Psychology Actor Observer And The Cross Cultural Differences

Question: Discuss about the Social Psychology Actor Observer Bias And The Cross Cultural. Answer: Introduction One very important aspect of social psychology is the Actor-Observer bias that has been looked upon as a very deciding factor in determining a persons behavior or attitude. This is a psychological state that describes the various attributes of a persons behavior. The same person takes the role of the actor at times, and sometimes he takes the role of the observer. This is generally applicable when a person judges his own behavior from a certain angle and he becomes the actor then. At this time, he becomes ignorant of his own mistakes and he puts the blame of the negative things on a particular situation he has been in. In other words, a person tries to avoid his own mistakes and does not think himself to be the wrong doer at any point of time. In other cases, a particular person becomes the observer when the time comes to judge some other persons works. The particular person then puts the blame of some wrong doing on that another person when he is judging his activities. He overlooks the situation and consciously puts the blame of the work on the other man, coming to the conclusion that the other man is responsible for the thing. There are some cross-cultural references too in this incident. This varies from one nation to another. In this assignment, the aim is to go through a thorough study about this actor-observer bias in the context of social psychology, considering the cross-cultural scenario in this matter. Discussion: Different aspects of Actor-Observer Effect Actor-Observer is a natural phenomenon (Nisbett et al., 1973). It originates from the fact people very often attribute ones behavior very easily on ones nature rather than judging the situation (Weary, Stanley Harvey, 2012). It deals with the personal aspects of the persons. This kind of behavior arises in human beings because they do not like to see themselves as the guilty person so they do not attribute their mistakes to themselves (Shaver, 2012). In some cases, people always tend to overlook the situational factors and overestimate the role of the personal factors in case of the other persons. According to the social psychology experts, this thing is termed as the Fundamental Attribution Error (Li et al., 2012). There are several theories that are related with this fundamental attribution error. These theories include the Just-world phenomenon, Just-world phenomenon This just-world phenomenon deals with the belief that everything that happens in the world is just and therefore, there should be no disposition about it. Everything is fair and all the people have control over their lives. It centers with the fact that human beings get what they deserve and what they deserve they get. The need is to see the world as a just place because it would help to reduce the possible threats that one might face in the future. This thought gives the people a sense of security in the mind and help them to find peace in the most difficult of times. This helps people to stay motivated psychologically. Salience of the Actor This theory focuses on the fact that a person always tends to overlook the situational factors that may have caused something to another person. The person is looked upon as the guilty whereas the situation or the circumstance is not at all taken into considerations. This works behind the actor-observer bias. Lack of effortful adjustment Sometimes the things happen when people are aware of the situational factors that may have caused the effect but they still not admit it consciously. This happens from the fact that they do not look upon the situational and the behavioral factors seriously. Actually, these things help to characterize the dispositions of the actor here. In this case, the only remedy available for the observers is to make conscious efforts in taking these situational factors under consideration so that they can assess the circumstances properly. Culture In this world there are basically two prominent cultures to be known of. These are the individualistic cultures that belong to the western culture and the collectivist culture that belong to the eastern culture. There is a strong proneness to the cross-cultural factors of the fundamental attribution error. Most importantly, the individualistic cultures may refer to the people of the United States and the people from the collectivist culture may refer to the Asian countries like Japan or Korea. The Concept of Individualism and Collectivism The concept of the terms individualism and collectivism has a deep contextual meanings (Ralston et al., 2014). It depicts two spheres of the earth and the behavior of the residents. It surely has a connection with the cognitive behavior of a person. The influences of the surroundings and their culture also play an important part in it. These are influenced by the individual persons and the ethnic groups to which they belong. Individualism is the concept that belongs to the western cultures. The people are assembled with the social groups to which they belong. The individual cultures will look upon the people as the ones who have the belief of the self in a more developed way. The idea of developing the self and the developing of the self theories are discussed. The people in the western cultures have a more self-cognitive behavior as they are treated as an independent person (Pennington, 2014). In contrast to that the people of the Asian countries the people are treated as parts of t he culture and the concerned society. They are not set apart from the society; rather they take active parts in the workings of the society. Self-other asymmetries in explanation It is a very important aspect in the context that the individualists always tend to assert more on the self and they always separate themselves from the other people and want to establish an individual identity by which they can differentiate other people from themselves. This is a very notable aspect as this form segregation from the constraints of the society. The collectivists are generally very much connected with the society they live in and do not like to be separated from the society (Van Hoom, 2015). They are much likely to attribute the effects of some event on the situational factors rather than attributing it to the dispositional causes (Lu, Xie Xu, 2012). Cross cultural differences The interpretation of the self is an important part of the fundamental attribute error that helps to determine the factor by which a certain country or its culture is driven. In the proposed pan-cultural model of the self, it is regarded that every people have a different cultural background but irrespective of that, people do have different self-cognitive thoughts and most importantly these cognitions are different. There are three major components that form ones self-cognitions and they are private, public and collective cognitions (Norenzayan Nisbett, 2000). These help a person to react in different ways in different situations. In this context it can be said that in a country like Malaysia, the cognitive behavior of the people indicates that they are more likely to be called collectivists as their participation in the social context is active and they consider themselves to be responsible people of their society who have a duty to perform. In ways, a country like Australia follo ws the western culture and they are very much individualistic in their cognitive behavior (Fiske Taylor, 2013). They look upon themselves as separate identities and they set themselves apart from the social constraints. The description of a person depends on the casual theory of behavior of that person (Choi, Nisbett Norenzayan, 1999). If a person behaves independently or without any connection to his group where he belongs, he can be called an individualist. Actually, the Asian theory of behavior is much collectivist in nature than the Western one (Becker et al., 2012). Cultural and Situational Salience Another important aspect of this Actor-Observer bias is the factor dependent on the cultural and situational salience (Choi Nisbett, 2012). The question of the cultural difference is closely related with that of the cognitive behavior of the persons belonging to the certain countries, regions or continents. The eastern culture is quite different with that of the western culture in many ways. The thinking process of the self belonging to these regions differs a lot (Bochner, 1994). The people from eastern culture tend to attribute the fundamental attribution errors on the situational factors when it can be seen that a person has been facing some distress he may be a victim of the circumstances (Coleman, 2013). In sharp contrast, the people of the western culture will look to find the fault of the person instead of the situation and thus forcing on the situational factors. The aspect of situational salience can be better understood by the attitude attribution method by which the parti cipants are given a situation and they have to discuss. The participants include candidates of both the eastern culture and the western cultures (Aknin et al., 2013). Method In this lab report, some ways had been chosen so that the process could be conducted smoothly. In order to conduct the method, the essential things like the participants, materials and procedures have to be discussed. Participants The participants taken for conducting the report were thirty people from both the countries of Australia and Malaysia. The intention was to see how the people of those countries behave or react to different situations. The research was done on fifteen people from Australia and fifteen people from Malaysia. They were divided between some groups to help the process conveniently. Materials The materials used for this research work were both the primary and secondary materials. The primary materials used for this research were the information collected from the behavior of the participants and their reactions to prove the hypothesis. The secondary materials used for the research work were the journals and articles written by the other researchers like R.E. Nisbett, A. Norenzayan and C. Caputo and others. The secondary data were collected were collected from there and abstracts of journals have been attached in the appendices part of the report. Procedure The procedure of the research was something like this. Fifteen Australians and fifteen Malaysians were divided between groups and they were put under some situations that would best suit the actor-observer situations. Both the groups were first treated as the actors and observers alternatively. After that their reactions were recorded accordingly. Results The results found were discussed and put under a thorough analysis later. It was noted that the Malaysians reacted to the situations as the actors in a collectivist way whereas the Australians reactions were individualistic. The case was the same when the research was conducted on the other group. As the observers, the Australians wanted to retain a separate identity from the others but the Malaysians came together to support their fellow people and posing the responsibility on the situational factors. The fundamental attribution error is thus understood by the research work done by the researchers and the participants reactions. Conclusion In the concluding part it can be said that after a long, thorough study of the entire matter, the behavioral approach is a very crucial part of a persons life. The background and the probable future actions of a person can be determined from that. It is apparent from the above discussion that cognitive behaviors vary from one region to another. Two definite approaches have been found from the discussion, which are responsible for reshaping the behaviors of the people of the two regions. The behavioral approach of the people of Asia and the Western countries due to their contrary collectivist and individualist approaches. The people of these regions look upon things from different angles and their viewpoint is absolutely on the opposite. This cross-cultural difference in the context of behavior depicts how they approach some incident. This provokes the factor of the fundamental attribute errors. It is, indeed, a determiner of the human behavior. References Aknin, L. B., Barrington-Leigh, C. P., Dunn, E. W., Helliwell, J. F., Burns, J., Biswas-Diener, R., ... Norton, M. I. (2013). Prosocial spending and well-being: Cross-cultural evidence for a psychological universal.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,104(4), 635. Becker, M., Vignoles, V. L., Owe, E., Brown, R., Smith, P. B., Easterbrook, M., ... Camino, L. (2012). Culture and the distinctiveness motive: constructing identity in individualistic and collectivistic contexts.Journal of personality and social psychology,102(4), 833. Bochner, S. (1994). Cross-cultural differences in the self concept: A test of Hofstede's individualism/collectivism distinction.Journal of cross-cultural psychology,25(2), 273-283. Choi, I., Nisbett, R. E. (1998). Situational salience and cultural differences in the correspondence bias and actor-observer bias.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,24(9), 949-960. Choi, I., Nisbett, R. E., Norenzayan, A. (1999). Causal attribution across cultures: Variation and universality.Psychological bulletin,125(1), 47. Coleman, M. D. (2013). Emotion and the ultimate attribution error.Current Psychology,32(1), 71-81. Fiske, S. T., Taylor, S. E. (2013).Social cognition: From brains to culture. Sage. Li, Y. J., Johnson, K. A., Cohen, A. B., Williams, M. J., Knowles, E. D., Chen, Z. (2012). Fundamental (ist) attribution error: Protestants are dispositionally focused.Journal of personality and social psychology,102(2), 281. Lu, J., Xie, X., Xu, J. (2012). Desirability or feasibility selfother decision-making differences.Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 0146167212470146. Nisbett, R. E., Caputo, C., Legant, P., Marecek, J. (1973). Behavior as seen by the actor and as seen by the observer.Journal of personality and Social Psychology,27(2), 154. Norenzayan, A., Nisbett, R. E. (2000). Culture and causal cognition.Current Directions in Psychological Science,9(4), 132-135. Pennington, D. C. (2012).Social cognition. Routledge. Ralston, D. A., Egri, C. P., Furrer, O., Kuo, M. H., Li, Y., Wangenheim, F., ... Fu, P. P. (2014). Societal-level versus individual-level predictions of ethical behavior: A 48-society study of collectivism and individualism.Journal of business ethics,122(2), 283-306. Shaver, K. (2012).The attribution of blame: Causality, responsibility, and blameworthiness. Springer Science Business Media. Van Hoorn, A. (2015). Individualistcollectivist culture and trust radius: a multilevel approach.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology,46(2), 269-276. Weary, G., Stanley, M. A., Harvey, J. H. (2012).Attribution. Springer Science Business Media. References

The importance of analytical skills for spend analysis

Purchasing has a significant financial impact on business by regulating the issues of quality and delivery of goods. With the changing competitive landscape, the implementation of the effective purchasing strategies is critical for the success of the company. Spend analysis is one of the important stages of developing the purchasing strategies, which requires collaborative efforts and critical analysis of a group of specialists and cannot be performed using sophisticated applications only.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The importance of analytical skills for spend analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The spend analysis is utilized by the purchasing team for solving a wide range of problems, including the examination of spending patterns, identification of gaps which need to be filled and areas which could be improved. The comparative analysis of the costs which are spent on various categories of products a nd the profits which are achieved from them can be helpful for evaluating the effectiveness of the purchasing choices. The performance of various suppliers is another important point of spend analysis, which can be useful for answering the question whether the cooperation with them is profitable and if there are any more advantageous alternatives. After collecting all the necessary data, the purchasing team processes it and translates it into the information, which can be helpful for the identification of possible improvements in the purchasing patterns, the choice of the suppliers and the terms for cooperation with them. The analysis of the collected data is a complex process that requires well-developed skills of critical thinking and collaboration of a group of specialists and cannot be performed by utilizing applications only. Considering the wide variety of information which undergoes the spend analysis, the choice of the approach depends upon the peculiarities of particular qu estions under consideration. Though there is no universal recipe for conducting the spend analysis, it always demands professionalism and flexibility from the purchasing personnel for analyzing the large quantities of diversified data, drawing the appropriate conclusions from it and translating them into the useful purchasing patterns and strategies. â€Å"The types of tools used can range from relatively sophisticated statistical techniques, such as regression analysis to simple graphing techniques, such as Pareto charts† (Bozarth Handfield, 2006, p. 352). The sophisticated spend analysis applications can be useful for processing the large amount of data and filtering it, using certain criteria if necessary. At the same time, the responsibility for the following development of purchasing strategies cannot be shifted on the software programs only.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With the changing competitive environment in the market, the development of the purchasing patterns requires taking into consideration the great number of factors that have impact on the end result of their implementation. Disregarding the advances in the sphere of software programs development, the applications cannot replace brainstorming of the group of specialists from various spheres. For example, the senior management of Santa Clara, the California-based Ketera, emphasized the importance of uniting the efforts of the finance team and the developers of the companies’ strategies for retrieving all the necessary information and processing it in terms of spend analysis. The use of technical applications can be helpful for collecting and processing the data necessary for the spend analysis but remains insufficient for improving the purchasing patterns of businesses. The spend analysis provides plenty of opportunities for the improvement of purchasing patterns, c hoosing the best suppliers and enhancing the effectiveness of cooperating with them. The development of the purchasing strategies requires considering the wide range of factors having impact on the output, including the changing competitive market and the risk factors, and cannot be performed by using the sophisticated software applications only. Reference List Bozarth, C. Handfield, R. (2006). Introduction to operations and supply chain management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. This essay on The importance of analytical skills for spend analysis was written and submitted by user Marissa Parsons to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.